Superman

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This article is about the superhero. For other uses, see Superman (disambiguation).

Superman
Promotional art for Superman No. 204 (vol. 2-April 2004) by Jim Lee and Scott Williams
Publication information
Publisher	DC Comics
First appearance	Action Comics #1 (published April 18, 1938, cover-dated June)
Created by	Jerry Siegel Joe Shuster
In-story information
Alter ego	Kal-El/Clark Kent
Place of origin	Krypton
Team affiliations	Justice League Legion of Super-Heroes
Partnerships	Batman Wonder Woman
Notable aliases	Gangbuster, Jordan Elliot, Nightwing, Nova, Superboy
Abilities	Superhuman strength, speed, stamina, invulnerability, freezing breath, super hearing, multiple extrasensory and vision powers, longevity, flight, intelligence, and regeneration

Superman is a fictional character, a comic book superhero who appears in comic books published by DC Comics. He is widely considered to be an American cultural icon.^[1][2][3][4] Created by American writer Jerry Siegel and Canadian-born American artist Joe Shuster in 1932 while both were living in Cleveland, Ohio, and sold to Detective Comics, Inc. (later DC Comics) in 1938, the character first appeared in Action Comics #1 (June 1938) and subsequently appeared in various radio serials, television programs, films, newspaper strips, and video games. With the success of his adventures, Superman helped to create the superhero genre and establish its primacy within the American comic book.^[1] The character's appearance is distinctive and iconic: a blue, red and yellow costume, complete with cape, with a stylized "S" shield on his chest.^[5][6][7] This shield is typically used across media to symbolize the character.^[8]
The origin story of Superman relates that he was born Kal-El on the planet Krypton, before being rocketed to Earth as an infant by his scientist father Jor-El, moments before Krypton's destruction. Discovered and adopted by a Kansas farmer and his wife, the child is raised as Clark Kent and imbued with a strong moral compass. Very early he started to display superhuman abilities, which upon reaching maturity he resolved to use for the benefit of humanity.
Superman has fascinated scholars, with cultural theorists, commentators, and critics alike exploring the character's impact and role in the United States and the rest of the world. Umberto Eco discussed the mythic qualities of the character in the early 1960s, and Larry Niven has pondered the implications of a sexual relationship involving the character.^[9] The character's ownership has often been the subject of dispute, with Siegel and Shuster twice suing for the return of legal ownership. Superman placed first on IGN's Top 100 Comic Book Heroes in May 2011.^[10]

Contents

• 1 Publication history
  • 1.1 Creation and conception
  • 1.2 Publication
  • 1.3 Influences
  • 1.4 Copyright issues
• 2 Fictional character biography
  • 2.1 Personality
  • 2.2 Other versions
• 3 Powers and abilities
• 4 Supporting cast
  • 4.1 Enemies
• 5 Cultural impact
  • 5.1 Inspiring a market
  • 5.2 Merchandising
  • 5.3 In other media
  • 5.4 Musical references, parodies, and homages
  • 5.5 Literary analysis
  • 5.6 Critical reception and popularity
  • 5.7 Video games
• 6 See also
• 7 Notes
• 8 References
• 9 Further reading
• 10 External links